Faecal sludge and septage management (FSSM) refers to the management of all stages of the sanitation value chain such as collection, emptying, transport, treatment, disposal and reuse of faecal sludge from pit latrines, septic tanks or other onsite sanitation systems. The term FSSM is not just about creating infrastructure for each stage, it also includes creating enabling environment for the system to run smoothly and sustainably.