Disposal of wastewater is largely an issue in developing nations like Nepal. For wastewater treatment, it is crucial to know the nature of wastewater as the quality of effluent largely depends upon the influent characteristics.

Despite of having toilets in each household (HHs) of Nepal, safely managed sanitation and generated faecal sludge remains as a challenge.

Wastewater Management is becoming an emerging issue specifically due to the increasing tread of urbanization and population growth in cities like Kathmandu with most of the wastewater being directly discharged into rivers without proper treatment.

Location: Lubhu, Mahalaxmi Municipality, Lalitpur Implementing Partners: ENPHO, and CDD Society (India) Supported by: BORDA, Help for Children Beilngries-Kathmandu, Mahalaxmi Municipality.

Background 16 municipalities and 2 Metropolitan cities lie within Kathmandu Valley. Haphazard urbanization is exacerbating water and sanitation related problems. 170,000 m3 faecal Sludge (FS) generated annually from existing different on-site sanitation systems, i.e. pits and septic tanks (ENPHO, 2014).