Background 16 municipalities and 2 Metropolitan cities lie within Kathmandu Valley. Haphazard urbanization is exacerbating water and sanitation related problems. 170,000 m3 faecal Sludge (FS) generated annually from existing different on-site sanitation systems, i.e. pits and septic tanks (ENPHO, 2014).

Ecological Sanitation(EcoSan) is an approach that focuses on closing the loop safely between sanitation and agriculture. This approach is widely being used in parts of East and South-East Asia. In Nepal, there are still traditional practices of recover and reuse of excreta. They are termed as Nauga and Saga system, where the urine mixed with […]